Partial application and borrowing methods
double.length is 1 because one of the two parameters is already filled. apply and spread give the same answer; spread is the modern way.
Every function has three methods that let you choose this yourself: call runs the function now with arguments listed one by one, apply runs it now with arguments in an array, and bind doesn't run it at all but returns a new function whose this (and optionally first arguments) are fixed for good.
Change the code and press Run (Ctrl+Enter). Predict what will happen first, then break it on purpose and read what changes. Your edits are saved and match the lesson page.
Ready for more? This phase has 5 hands-on exercises with automatic checks.
Practice questions
Write the code in the editor, run it, then open the model answer to compare.
Use call to run function describe(unit) { return this.amount + " " + unit; } for { amount: 3 } with the unit "kg", and apply to do the same with { amount: 5 } and ["litres"].
Make const addTax = applyRate.bind(null, 0.18); from function applyRate(rate, price) { return price + price * rate; } and print addTax(100) and addTax(250).
Write logAll() that prints Math.min of its own arguments by borrowing: use Math.min.apply with the arguments object, and then the modern rest-parameter version.
Explain it without notes
What is the difference between call, apply and bind?
Why can't a bound function's this be changed, and is there any exception?
Write a simple version of Function.prototype.bind and explain it.
What is method borrowing? Give two real examples.
Preview
Console
Nothing logged yet.Expected console output
10 15 length: 1
[ 'A', 'B', 'C' ]
tea + coffee
[object Array] [object Null] [object Date]
9 9